Lena Horne An American Icon - 3136 Words

LENA HORNE: AN AMERICAN ICON Fela Langston MUSI 305 Section A Dr. Zigler 13 May 2015 Lena Horne: an American Icon Lena Horne, born Lena Mary Calhoun Horne in Brooklyn, New York was an American jazz vocalist, actress and civil rights activist who lived from June 30, 1917 to May 9, 2010. Although Horne’s beauty and her elegance received praise throughout her career, her talents and impact on American society are equally unforgettable. She was an eight time Grammy nominee and was the recipient of three, including the Lifetime Achievement Award in 1989. She was a Tony Award nominee in 1957 and an Emmy Award nominee in 1985. She was also the recipient of several other awards, including a Tony in 1981†¦show more content†¦According to E. Franklin Frazier, an African American sociologist, the black bourgeoisie emerged as an isolated social world that exists as a result of racial discrimination. Members of the black bourgeoisie considered themselves to be superior because they were educated and wealthier than most African Americans. As a result of their believed superiority, members of t he black bourgeoisie refused to identify with African American culture. Interestingly enough, members of this social group could not identify with white culture either; they were rejected by white society and held â€Å"contempt of the white world.† In accordance with this attitude, Lena Horne’s grandmother, Cora Calhoun, was an active member of the NAACP with a distaste for poor blacks as well as whites. Due to her grandmother’s disdain for African American culture, Cora Calhoun disapproved of the musical genres that developed in the black community. While living with her grandmother, Lena did not have the privilege of listening to gospel or the blues. Horne s grandmother also taught her to value respectability, by always [looking] people in the eye, [speaking] distinctly, and never [letting] anyone see her cry. Cora Calhoun s advice to her young granddaughter had a tremendous impact on Horne s performance style. Lena Horne’s experiences while

Analysis of Facing It by Yusef Komunyakaa Essay example

Analysis of Facing it by Yusef Komunyakaa Cruel and terrible events forever leave a mark on our memory. Especially, when these events are directly related to person, the memory reproduces every second of what happened. Unfortunately, humanity fully cognized the term of war. Facing it by Yusef Komunyakaa reveals another several sides of the war. Poem tells the reader about which consequences, the war left and how changed peoples lives. The hero identifies itself with the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, mourns all those killed and who did not return. That is why the poem is dramatic. War has become a part of the heros life, even after the ending. The title of the poem Facing it tells the reader that, while standing in front of the†¦show more content†¦Komunyakaa uses the image of Andrew Johnson in the poem, who was a member of the army infantry of hometown poet. This detail suggests that he could be in his place. The last lines assure us that the war left deep wounds in the hearts of the people: a womans trying to erase names / No, shes brushing a boys hair. Perhaps this woman has lost her husband during the war and the boy reminds her about the happened mountain and unwittingly returns her to past events. Created image clearly illustrates the loss and suffering, which are belonging to not the only one family. Facing it by Yusef Komunyakaa reveals to us other sides of the war, using vivid images and metaphors. The poem tells the story about the violent war, which is difficult test for a person. Unusual rhythm gives the poem its beauty and unforgettable character. The brevity of some of lines attached the poem dramatic hue. Hero, who identifies himself with the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, is allowing us to understand the atmosphere of the event and the sorrow of people affected by war. Yusef Komunyakaa reminds to the reader about the main things, such as courage, bravery and valor. Works cited Marvin, Thomas F. â€Å"Kommunyakaa’s Facing it.† The Explicator 61.4 (2003): 242+. LiteratureShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Poem Facing It By Yusef Komunyakaa1063 Words   |  5 Pagesare some of the most prevalent emotions in literature. In his poem, â€Å"Facing It,† Yusef Komunyakaa tells his experience with war and how it has affected him. The poem begins with the author experiencing a loss of identity as he is at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Then, he experiences nostalgia whilst reminiscing his past. Lastly, he experiences flashbacks that deter his ability to distinguish the past from the present. Komunyakaa wastes no time in loading his poem with themes. He touches on griefRead MoreAnalysis Of Facing It By Yusef Komunyakaa And Dulce Et Decorum Est847 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Facing it† by Yusef Komunyakaa and â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† by Wilfred Owen, are 2 great poems written in the perspective of soldiers who experienced disturbanc e of war. In â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† Owen talks about his experience in World War 1, taking the reader inside the actual event and giving them the insight on his feelings watching his fellow troops die. In â€Å"Facing it†, Komunyakaa also discusses his feeling towards his fellow troops who didn’t survive the attack but he also sheds light on hisRead MorePoetry Analysis On Facing It798 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry Analysis on â€Å"Facing It† Veterans are more susceptible to the memories of war, pain, suffering, and death. Memorials such as the Vietnam Memorial bring back many memories for veterans when they view these memorials. Those memories can attack the mind, and cause a veteran to feel vulnerable. Many veterans can only associate those memorials with the pain, suffering, and death that they had seen while at war. Yusef Komunyakaa expresses the pain that is felt within war veterans when they remember

Australia’s Foreign Relations to 1945 Free Essays

Introduction Australia’s presence and participation in global affairs have been commendable over decades now. Australia officially referred to as commonwealth of Australia is in the southern hemisphere. Australia comprises of the mainland of Australian continent, Tasmania Island and other smaller islands in the pacific and Indian oceans. We will write a custom essay sample on Australia’s Foreign Relations to 1945 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Like other countries, Australia has undergone numerous milestones over the past centuries which have influenced its present developments. Australian foreign relations with other countries including the US, UK and other Asian countries are of great importance are. Having interacted with these countries at different times of history, Australia has been able to share common policies and interests with these nations. Firstly, the UK which colonized Australia since the 18th century had great influence on its current foreign policy. The trade relations between Australia and America as well as the joint participation in WW II influenced its foreign policy and relations. These interactions are also evident with other Asian countries like New Zealand, Japan and China which have shared common experiences in war as well as trade. This essay will discuss the importance of Britain, Asia, and the US in shaping Australian foreign policy since the 1788 settlement to WW II (1945). Australia has a rich and appealing foreign policy which makes it a trusted ally to many nations across the globe. The foreign policy of Australia includes various separated but inter-related policies in the fields of trade, security, defence, foreign aid and international commitments. Being a signatory to different treaties in the UN, Australia has been steadfast in attending to issues of global interest. In regards to trade and foreign aid, Australia is always in the forefront in fostering the spirit of globalisation. It is however notable that the foreign policies and relations of Australia are fast in upholding and promoting the interests of Australia. As far as security and defence is concerned, Australia is always vigilant in addressing any threat to national security. The development of the current and past foreign policies specifically between 1788 and 1945 was greatly influenced by the UK, US and Asia . The UK which was the first to arrive in Australia in the 18th century greatly influenced Australian foreign policy from settlement (1788) to the WW II. It is worth noting that Australia was a victim of tyranny of distance as well as a colony of Britain. Till 1942, Australia showed little or no independence in foreign policy. This is because it was under Britain influence. Despite that Australia was a dominion of Britain and that it had right to determine its foreign policy, it never showed independence. The issues of culture, military, economics and politics were greatly influenced by Britain. It is hereby notable that Britain had great importance in forging Australian foreign policy on the issues of politics, security, defence and economics. Since the settlement in 1788 to 1930s, Australia had no international embassies apart from London. The main concern for Australia was on trade and economics. Britain hereby played a key role in modelling Australian foreign policy on trade, culture and economics which helped in meeting the interests of the Australian citizens . US played a key role in building Australian foreign policy since 1788 to 1945. Based on the strong trade relations, Australian extended these relations from trade to security. The fears of Japan invasion in 1930s was a real problem to Australia. Despite this problem, Britain was unable to defend Australia thus seeking the support of US. Based on this phenomenon, it is evident that the fear of Japan invasion influenced Australian foreign policy between 1918 and 1945. Australia extended its trade ties with US to security and defence relations. This is one of the foreign policy of Australia whereby it sought to ensure strategic relations with other countries . The foreign policies adopted by Australia on security and defence before 1945 were influenced by the US. This can be attributed to the continued threat of Japanese threat and hostility to Australia. As a result of the open hostility between Australia and Japan during the Paris Pease Conference in 1919, Australia depended on US from defence. During this period, Australian defence planning borrowed from US. In the 1920s, Australian demonstrated an open stereotype and prejudice which was influenced by the US. There was a growing negative stereotype of Japanese by Australia is a potential threat to national security. In response to this scenario, Australia developed and implemented foreign policies which were aimed at enhancing its security and countering Japanese invasion. The foreign policy on security was also allied to the US as a potential strategic partner. The Japanese invasion in China in 1933 had a significant impact on Australian’s attention. In this regard, Australia moved fast to ensure it had strong ties with US, hence strengthening its defence. In light ith this phenomenon, it can be established that Australian foreign policy between 1918 and 1945 was influenced by US due to the threat of Japanese invasion hence prompting it to enter into strategic alliance with the US . The stay of British settlers in Australia since 1788 had great influence and importance to Australia’s foreign policy since 1788 to 1945. The models of Australia’s legal and political sys tems as well as policies on trade and security were influenced by Britain. The foreign policy on immigration adopted by Australia till 1945 was influenced by Britain. It is important noting that Britons dominated the culture, language and the entire make-up of Australian society. Due to the domination of Australia by Britain, its national identity was relatively indistinct from that of Britain. This made the two nations to share same philosophies and practices as far as foreign policy and relations were concerned. The immigration policies adopted by Australia favoured Irish and Britain. This manifests the strong influence of Britain to Australia’s foreign policies before 1945. The establishment of the Immigration Restriction Act was a major manifestation of Britain’s influence to Australian foreign policy. In this policy, Australia effectively banned Asia migration into the country for the next 50 years. There was also preceding legislations which prohibited the employment of contract labourers as well as the deportation of those already in the country. These developments had great influence on Australian foreign relations till 1945 . Asia has played a critical role in influencing the foreign policies of Australia from 1788 to 1945. The relationships between Australia and other Asian countries of; Malaysia, Singapore, New-Zealand, Japan, Indonesia, and China was of importance in modelling its foreign policy. The quest for peace and regional stability was a major issue which influenced Australia’s foreign policy. This can be evident in the 1944 agreement with New Zealand which dealt with welfare, security and advancement of people in the different independent territories. The need for peace and security for its people can be viewed as the major concern for Australia which influenced its foreign policy during this time. Alongside the security concerns, Australia was also focused on boosting its economic prospects. In order to ensure prosperity and sustainability in national development, Australia was keen to ensure regional cooperation with other Asian countries. This was aimed at enhancing the economic prospects of the country . The importance of US in the foreign policy of Australia is very evident through the continued cooperation between the two countries. In the periods before 1945, the US was regarded as Australia’s key ally in WW II. The entire foreign and defence policies of Australia directly depended on US support. He strong ties between US and Australia influenced its foreign policy on the Southeast Asia. Despite that at times Australia acted independently on foreign policies, it always pursued policies which impressed the US. It is important noting that Australia was ever submissive and subservient to US wishes. Nevertheless, at times Australia pursued different foreign policies which contradicted those of US as in the case of Malaya and West New Guinea. The fear of Australia from foreign invasion had a role in the dependency of Australia’s foreign policy on US . Conclusion It is apparent that the foreign policy and relations of Australia to 1945 was influenced by Asia, Britain and America. The interactions of these countries with Australia played a key role in shaping its foreign policy from 1788 to 1945. The key issues of concern were defence, security, trade, and migration. As observed in the discussion, the US was very influential on the foreign policies of Australia on defence and security. This was also the case of Asia which influenced Australian foreign policy on regional cooperation and security. These insights demonstrate the significance of Britain, Asia and US in modelling Australian foreign policy between 1788 and 1945. Bibliography Dunn, Michael. Australia and the Empire: From 1788 to the Present (Sydney: Fontana/Collins, 1984), 75-154. Esthus, Raymond. From Enmity to Alliance: US-Australian Relations, 1931-1941 (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1964), 83- 132. Grey, Jeffrey. A Military History of Australia (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 45-98. How to cite Australia’s Foreign Relations to 1945, Essay examples

Service marketing of Jetblue

Question: Analysis of the service elements of Jetblue? Answer: Introduction Many companies in the airline industry are providing continuous support and services to the community. Jetblue is one of those companies in USA who are providing good services to their many of satisfied customer throughout 61 countries in American continent. Their major focus area in providing their services to their customer was value for money. Jetblue emphasizes, to bring humanity back to air travel. Jetblue has incorporated many strategies, which attract to the all economic class of customer. Moreover, they also started a low-cost airline service, which was affordable to the low economy class of people. Jetblue was keen to provide the best customer services in their business, which awarded then many of top awards for their performance. In the year of 2006 Jetblue was listed as the second lowest rate of consumer complaints among all US airlines. This was one of the biggest achievements for Jetblue to develop their business and services in future. Blueprint: Analysis of the service elements of Jetblue If a business is growing and there is a possibility to be successful in near future one must examine the details whether or not the products or services will be necessary and attractive. In order to target all the elements at right time at the right people one must employ right type of service marketing mix. Jetblue was not the exception to apply this technique to provide best of services. Product or Service Jetblue was very much concern about the marketplace with its customer service, in flight features and productivity. They have purchased only single type of new plane and ensures that maintenance downtime is low and keeps the plane in the air. Jetblue was able to maintain highest average in-air in the industry. They introduced many stratigies to enhance their product. One of them is operational recovery tool which is a technology to reduce delays and minimize cancellations allows planners to do it in better ways. Jetblue treats its entire customer as equal and provide maximum comfort than other airline companies. Price Jetblue was in the airlines industry where generally people spend more for their travelling as compared to the conventional public transport. However, that does not mean that customers are not sensitive about the price. Here comes the strategy of Jetblue was low fare with high quality service that redefined Jetblue as a different kind of airline which customer will prefer over the competition. And Jetblue was very successful in their pricing strategy with quality service which transform many customer in their favorer. This successful implementation resulted in huge growth to the company. Place Place is one of the most important factor to make any kind of business. Where to sale the product or services direct the companys future sustainability in the industry. Jetblue very strategically choose their place of business. They decided not to compete between Boston-New York and Washington-New York, because higher economy class of people used to travel in this rout who are only sensitive to service quality not about the price and moreover competition was high among the industry. Therefore, they consider choosing the high demanded Caribbean market. This market was low in competition and economic class was not so superior. This kind of market was perfect for Jetblue to promote their low-cost, high quality service strategy. Promotion Jetblue is one of the companies who are very keen to gain satisfied and loyal group of flyers that will produce repeated business for them. Because initially attracting new customer was difficult as well as costlier. This was possible by their quality service and various innovative promotional activities. They use to publish front page advertisement in the leading news papers about their unique features, benefits and quality service. This was the first step of their promotion of their commitment and a responsibility to implement them. People To run the business in a service industry it was very important to choose the right people by whom the best of service can be provided. Their employee and services is the face value of the company that will feel a customer value for money. Therefore, recruitment and proper training of the employee was very important for Jetblue. Involving these employees to provide best of support was another important criterion for Jetblue. Process Process is one of the factor where a company in service industry majorly emphasis. For Jetblue it was all about to satisfy a flyer not only during the journey but also in other different issues of compliance. Jetblue use to return the fares to their customer if any flight is being cancelled by the companies end. If any kind of service delay is happened company use to subsidies that with a apology note from the higher management. Physical evidence Physical evidence is the implementations of those things which company commit to their customer during their promotional activity. Jetblue also has lot of commitment to their customer. Customers always evaluate the services according to the commitment while availing it. Jetblue was the first company to incorporate a personalized TV screen in the back of every seat at the same price, they provides the most legroom, unlimited branded snacks and soft drinks that too in very low cost. Effects of service scope to the customer Jetblue through their years of services gained lot of belief in their customers mind. They incorporated many features and strategies to create their scope of business. Many companies were providing flights to their customer. Therefore, it was not only about providing a flight anymore; it was about creating new customers with newer interest. Cognitive There is nothing very complex to creating business scope it is all about providing better support and services. Customers always evaluate the commitment to service ratio. By making a good market strategy Jetblue creates a good amount of business scope such as which market to capture to which economic class of people. Emotional Emotional attachments always come with whom you are doing your business. Jetblue was also emotional in those cases where customers get affected due to their fault. They use to refund money in those cases, Jetblue use to serve free unlimited snacks to their customer. They use many emotional quotations to touch the customers heart. This kind of services attaches customers emotionally; make them loyal towards the company. Physiological Jetblue was the first company in the industry to provide a personalized TV with 20 channels during journey, they provides to more legroom, over pack under pay, branded snacks and drinks along with newer technologies. These kind of services resulted in a comfortable and safer journey creating huge business scope in the highly competitive market. Problem areas There was a problem with the promotional strategies of the company. Jetblue management was very confused about their promotional activities. They use to advertise in newspapers. They have many ideas of marketing so their quotation was always different in various advertisements. This kind of approach could create confusion in the customers mind that what kind of service they wanted to offer. Another problem was the aggressiveness of the management. Customer sometime suffers a lot due to those decisions. This may create negative impact in the minds of customers. Suggested solutions Advertisement should happen in a continuous process so that customers do not get confused about what they are getting. There should be promotional activity, which depicts long term benefit to the company. Loyal customer was very important in this industry, which can be created by proper management decision and quality of the service.